The models need to be as accurate as possible so that the prediction we make about the real world are accurate too.The degree to which a statistical model represents the data collected is known as the fit of the model.The data we observe can be predicted from the model we choose to fit plus some amount of error. StatisticsChapter 2The spine of statisticsWhat is the spine of statistics?The spine of statistics: (an acronym for)Standard errorParametersInterval estimates (confidence intervals)Null hypotheses significance testingEstimation Testing hypotheses involves building statistical models of the phenomenon of interest.Scientists build (statistical) models of real-world processes to predict how these processes operate under certain conditions. Read more about Why is my evil lecturer forcing me to learn statisics? - summary of chapter 1 of statistics by A.(independent)Outcome variable: a variable thought to change as a function of changes in. A prediction tells us something about the hypotheses from which it derived.Falsification: the act of disproving a hypotheses or theory.Collecting data: measurement Independent and dependent variable Variables: things that can changeIndependent variable: a variable thought to be the cause of some effect.Dependent variable: a variable thought to be affected by changes in an independent variable.Predictor variable: a variable thought to predict an outcome variable. London, England: SAGE Publications, 2013.įind citation guides for additional books linked here.StatisticsChapter 1Why is my evil lecturer forcing me to learn statistics? Initial observation: finding something that needs explainingTo see whether an observation is true, you need to define one or more variables to measure that quantify the thing you’re trying to measure.Generating and testing theories and hypotheses A theory: an explanation or set of principles that is well substantiated by repeated testing and explains a broad phenomenon.A hypotheses: a proposed explanation for a fairly narrow phenomenon or set of observations.An informed, theory-driven attempt to explain what has been observed.A theory explains a wide set of phenomena with a small set of well-established principles.A hypotheses typically seeks to explain a narrower phenomenon and is, as yet, untested.Both theories and hypotheses exist in the conceptual domain, and you cannot observe them directly.To test a hypotheses, we need to operationalize our hypotheses in a way that enables us to collect and analyse data that have a bearing on the hypotheses.Predictions emerge from a hypotheses. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics. Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics. Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar: SAGE Publications – Books, 2015).įield A. London, England: SAGE Publications.ġ Field, Andy, Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics, 3rd ed., (2013)įield, Andy. London, England: SAGE Publications 2013.įield, Andy. SAGE Publications: London, England, 2013.ġ. Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics, 3rd ed. Here are Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics citations for 14 popular citation styles including Turabian style, the American Medical Association (AMA) style, the Council of Science Editors (CSE) style, IEEE, and more. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics 3rd ed., London, England: SAGE Publications. London: SAGE Publications.įield, A., 2013. London: SAGE Publications, 2013.įield, Andy. (London: SAGE Publications, 2013).įield, Andy. Andy Field, Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics, 3rd ed. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (3rd ed.). 3rd ed., SAGE Publications, 2013.įield, A. Here are Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics citations for five popular citation styles: MLA, APA, Chicago (notes-bibliography), Chicago (author-date), and Harvard style.įield, Andy. If you are looking for additional help, try the EasyBib citation generator. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics is cited in 14 different citation styles, including MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard, APA, ACS, and many others. Learn how to create in-text citations and a full citation/reference/note for Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics by Andy Field using the examples below.
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